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Ocean University of China originated from the Private Qingdao University which was first founded in 1924, and subsequently went through several historical changes respectively as National Qingdao University, National Shandong University and Shandong University. In 1959, it evolved into Shandong College of Oceanography. In October 1960, it was defined by the Central Government as one of the 13 national key comprehensive universities. In 1988, the name Ocean University of Qingdao was formed and inscribed by Mr. Deng Xiaoping, the late chairman of China. In October 2002, the present name, Ocean University of China, was given with the ratification of the State Ministry of Education.

Currently OUC has three campuses including Yushan campus, Fushan campus and Laoshan campus. There are over 22 colleges and departments with 71 undergraduate programs. OUC is one of the first universities approved to confer PhD degrees, Master’s degrees and Bachelor’s degrees by the State Academic Degree Committee. At present, OUC boasts five national key disciplines, six disciplines entitled to confer Doctoral degrees, seven post-doctoral mobile stations and 44 programs for Ph.D. degrees, 17 disciplines conferring Master’s degrees, 131 programs for Master’s degrees. OUC also has 13 areas of specialized engineering entitled to confer master’s degrees, and two programs in Agriculture Promotion entitled to confer master’s degrees including specialized programs such as MBA and MPA. There is one National Research Center for Marine Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology and one Chinese Center of Marine Biotechnology under UNESCO at Ocean University of China. Six disciplines have posts for professorship in the Cheung Kong Scholars Program. In addition, OUC has two centers for fundamental research and teachers training in Oceanography, Marine Chemistry and one training base for professionals in life science & technology.

The University has over 24,400 registered students, including 5,115 doctoral or master’s degree students, over 11,691 undergraduates and 1,200 international students. OUC is staffed with qualified faculty members, several nation-wide and world-recognized scientists and scholars are currently engaged in research and teaching here. There are altogether over 1230 full-time faculty members, including five academicians with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, three academicians with the Chinese Academy of Engineering, three dually employed academicians, nine professors in the Cheung Kong Scholars Program and five visiting professors. In addition, over 217 supervisors for Ph.D. students are on staff. 47.1% of our faculty members have Doctoral Degrees and the number of professors under the age of 45 accounts for 85.8% of the total faculty. Mr. Wang Meng, a famous modern Chinese writer, is a professor at OUC, and also an Honorary Dean of the College of Literature, Journalism and Communication. Six Nobel Prize winners have been awarded honorary professorship by OUC, together with over 500 scientists and scholars from both home and abroad, who have formed the “Corps of Visiting Professors” of OUC.

With over 70 laboratories for teaching and experiments with distinctive features in marine sciences, OUC boasts advanced teaching conditions and complete facilities. The University owns the “Dong Fang Hong 2”, a research vessel with a displacement of 3,500 tons. This vessel is used for both teaching and scientific research. The University Library has established a foreign language database for oceanography and fishery science, which is quite comprehensive and complete compared with other databases of its kind in the world. It is now the National Center for Marine Science Literature Information Retrieval.

While conscientiously implementing the national policy on education, OUC constantly seeks to deepen reform in education and teaching, and has gradually set up a dynamic, rational, sustainable and brand-new teaching system for undergraduate students. The education for post-graduate students has also been improved in terms of scale and level as well as its distinctive features.

During the 10th “Five Year Plan”, OUC was ranked first among the marine-related institutions in terms of number of projects undertaken including the national Project 973 and Project 863 with funds granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. OUC has been awarded one national second prize in natural science, two second prizes for science progress, one top prize for science and technology in Shandong Province and 54 first or second prizes at provincial and ministerial levels. There are approximately 2864 articles published in the three largest information retrieval systems as SCI, EI and ISTP. From 2001 to 2004, OUC was granted 93 patents, including 54 patents for invention. The National Research Center for Marine Science of Qingdao has been approved and now is well under construction. In addition, OUC has been ratified to set up an innovation base for studies of philosophy and social science in marine development under Project 985, which is an important force in the research of national marine development strategy.

The 21st century is an ocean-focused century. The development goal of Ocean University of China is to build a high-level university with strength in oceanography and fisheries so as to lay an initial foundation for a research-oriented university in 2010. By 2025 OUC will be further developed into a top-level comprehensive research university with strong emphasis in marine sciences.

The present faculty number is 3,064 among whom 4 are the academicians of Chinese Academy of Engineering, 8 State Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Experts, 205 doctoral supervisors, 1114 professors and associate professors. The total number of students is 27,149 including 4,246 postgraduates, 14,950 undergraduates and 202 international students. In five decades, the University has trained nearly 100,000 senior professional personnel of all kinds, who are welcomed and acclaimed by all walks of life in the society.

NUST is also a center for both personnel training and scientific research. Currently, it has more than 30 research institutes and has accomplished a large number of R & D projects. The fund for the research of science and technology is increasing year by year. Furthermore, the University is also in cooperation with Baixia District Government of Nanjing in establishing the province-level University Science Park that is now under construction towards the state-level. By far the University has established cooperative ties with over 50 universities and research institutes worldwide, and the NUST Board of Trustees was founded in the year of 1994, which comprises over 40 regional government organizations, well-known enterprises and research institutes.

The present University’s Party Secretary is Research Fellow Chen genfu and the President is Professor Wang xiaofeng.

As an institution of single discipline for training high level musical specialists in  higher learning, the Central Conservatory of Music has evolved a complete system of pedagogy embracing courses of all levels starting from elementary classes up to postgraduate programs for master and doctoral degrees. The Conservatory has departments of composition, conducting, musicology, music education, voice and opera, piano, orchestral instruments, and traditional Chinese instruments, academic study, offering undergraduate programs of study for a period of 4 to 5 years and postgraduate program for 2 or 3 years. The attached institutions also include a six-year middle school and a three-year primary school, giving courses in piano, orchestral instruments, traditional Chinese instruments and music theory. The Music Research Institute is the Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education. The Orchestra Academy was established in 2005 for training orchestral musicians and offering postgraduate program, the first of its kind in Asia. The Journal of the Central Conservatory of Music, a quarterly published by the Conservatory, is widely distributed at home and abroad. The post-doctoral station has also been set up recently. The Institute of Violin Making, Modern Electro-acoustic Music Centre, Voice Research Centre, Music Therapy Center, College of Continuing Education Music, Education Center of Distance Learning and Division of Social Education of Music are designated to conduct interdisciplinary researches for the aim of enriching the programs.

Having served for the past 55 years both as a music education center for training professional musicians and a research-composition-performance center for developing music education of society, the CCOM has grown into an institution of high prestige at home and abroad capable of offering the whole range of curricula for musical training, and representing the level of music education in China.

The current enrolled students number nearly 1,660 and the teaching and administrative staffs total about 700. Professors and associate professors make up two third of the faculty. Over 3,000 students have graduated from the Conservatory. Many of the graduates are now the musical directors, concertmasters of the symphony orchestras, the core members of music schools, artistic organizations, and research institutes in all parts of China and world, and some of them have been ranked among the eminent Chinese musicians and won the international fames.

The Conservatory Campus occupies 5.3 hectors of land with a complex of old and new buildings covering an area of nearly 60,000 square meters. The conservatory Music Library housing over 500,000 volumes is the largest of the kind in this country. The Conservatory owns over 500 pianos and a large number of other musical I instruments; its educational facilities include an electronic music studio with advanced recording and video equipments, and a violin workshop.

The Central Conservatory of Music is a holy palace for many musical talents in the country. For past 55 years, thousands of students have graduated from the Conservatory, some of them have established the international reputation. The students have won 481 prizes in major international music competitions, including the golden and silver medals in Tchaikovsky International Music Competition, 1801 prizes in national music competitions, 346 music compositions have been awarded in international and national competition. From 1987, 87 prizes for scientific achievements have been given to the CCOM.

CCOM has intensified has intensified the international exchanges with other countries and established regular intercollegiate exchange or collaboration with many international major institutions of music for past 55 years with foreign countries for cultural exchange by inviting foreign eminent musicians and scholars to teach or give lectures at the institution and by sending its own faculty members and students in a planned manner to other countries for pursuing further studies, giving lectures and performances. A Number of international students from different countries studied in the Central Conservatory of Music, including students from Korea, Vietnam, Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia, Algeria, Israel, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria and other countries.

The China Youth Symphony Orchestra, the Chinese Traditional Musical Instruments Ensemble, the Conservatory Students Choir, the Middle school Students Orchestra and the Primary School Students Performing Group, all composed of the conservatory’s students and teachers, have visited many countries in Europe, America, Asia and Africa, and their performances were received with wide appreciation.

The predecessor of CUPL is Peking College of Political Science and Law founded in 1952 by the merger of disciplines of law, politics, and sociology of Peking University , Yenching University , Furen University and Tsinghua University . Mr. Qian Duansheng, the noted jurist and expert on political science, was its first president. Later in 1983, the school was renamed China University of Political Science and Law under the directive of the Central Government to “speed up the building of China University of Political Science and Law and make it the national center of political and legal education”. Comrade Deng Xiaoping inscribed the new name of the university.

After over 50 years of construction and development, in university there are currently 2 state key research bases of humanities and social sciences, 1 key laboratory under Ministry of Education, 1 Beijing research base of philosophy and social sciences, 1 mobile postdoctoral station, 18 doctoral programs, 45 master’s programs and 17 undergraduate programs. With the approval of Ministry of Education, the university now enjoys the autonomy to establish undergraduate programs and enroll through selection undergraduate students and students with special skills in arts and sports. There are now altogether 18 schools (departments) under the university, namely, Law School, Civil, Commercial and Economical Law School, International Law School, College of Criminal Justice, Politics and the Public Administration School, Business School, Humanism School, School of Foreign Languages, School of Continuing Education, College of International Studies, School of Marxism, School of Sociology, School of Master of Law, School of American and Comparative Law, School of German and Comparative Law, School of International Confucianism, Department of Physical Education and Department of Science and Technology. Over 20000 students are currently studying in CUPL with a teaching staff of more than 1690, including about 830 full-time teachers which include 510 professors/associate professors, 126 doctorate advisors and 420 master advisors. It is notable that the teaching and research areas of its legal faculty cover almost all the second-class disciplines of law.

The university now is in two locations, Xueyuan Road campus in Haidian District as the old one and Changping campus at the foot of the Corps Hills in Changping District as the new one, which was designated as a key project of the State’s Seventh Five-Year-Plan in 1985. The university’s current Secretary of the Party Committee is Professor Shi Yajun; the President is Professor Xu Xianming.

In its 50 years’ development, the university upholds its motto of “keeping integrity and law in mind and studying for the public”, embraces the ideal of “promoting China ’s social and political progress” and “building a socialist country under the rule of law”, and commits itself to earnest academic efforts and the nurturing of talents. With care and support from relevant state departments and all walks of society, the University has developed its own features in teaching, academic research, discipline set-up and other various areas, enjoying a prominent and all-round advantage in the studies of law. Now it has become China ’s important base of legal education and center of foreign exchange in law.

China University of Political Science and Law is a center for fostering high-quality talents in political science and law. In the past 50 years, it has provided the society with more than 200 thousand political and legal talents of high quality, most of whom have become the mainstay in the nation’s organs in public security, prosecution, judiciary, justice, government, economic entities as well as in legal education and research.

As an important law research center of China , the university has created many of the firsts in terms of legal education in the new China since its founding. It is the first university to offer the discipline of legal history, civil commercial law, economic law, procedural law and comparative law. The first group of doctors in legal history also graduated here from CUPL. In the past 50 years, academic findings and achievements of CUPL have been constantly applied in China ’s legislative and judicial practice. From the drafting of the 1954 Constitution of the People’s Republic of China , to the promulgation of the Anti-Secession Law , the enactment and implementation of almost every major law of the Republic can reflect the work and efforts of CUPL people. Since 1978 when it was rehabilitated, over 1000 CUPL crew have participated in the deliberation and draft work of the nation’s major legislations. At present, the university has 2 key research bases for humanity and social sciences under the Ministry of Education, 1 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, 1 Rule-of-Law Government Beijing Research Base for Philosophy and Social Sciences and research institutes like Institute of Ancient Law Books Collation and Studies, Research Institute of Human Rights and humanitarian Law, and Research Institute of Comparative Law.

China University of Political Science and Law is the exchange center in law between China and the rest of the world. Since China ’s reform and opening up, the university has established exchange and cooperative ties with over 70 universities from 20 countries and regions. It is currently home to over 750 overseas students from 18 countries and regions.

In the past 50 years, China University of Political Science and Law has played a unique and irreplaceable role in consolidating the political power of the Republic, safeguarding social stability and promoting political and legal progress of the country. It has made special contribution to the innovation and development of legal education and research. The university enjoys a special historical position and shoulders an important historical mission in the social progress of building political civilization and a country under rule of law. The university has received great attention and care from the party and leaders of the country all the way through its development. When the university was rehabilitated in 1983, the central governmental gave a definite instruction to “build China University of Political Science and Law into a national political and legal education center, law research center and law books and information center”. Vice Premier Li Lanqing visited the university in 1995 and 2002 and highly praised the construction and development of the university and said “China University of Political Science and Law is China ’s highest institution in law”. In 2002, Party General Secretary Jiang Zemin and National People’s Congress (NPC) Chairman Li Peng wrote words in commemoration of its 50 th anniversary. State Councilor and former Minister of Education Chen Zhili attended the ceremonial of the 50 th anniversary and made an important speech. In April 2005, Li Tieying — NPC vice chairman and Zhou Ji — Minister of Education visited our university and gave high recognition. Li Tieying commended the university by saying “China University of Political Science and Law is the best assistant of NPC”

In the 21 st century, in the new context of the reform of higher education, according to the new requirements of legal education based on the strategy of “rule of law”, China University of Political Science and Law has voluntarily readjusted its development strategy, further clarified its orientation and goals and put forward the philosophy of “making teaching the core task, students the main body, talent training the main task and reform and innovation the driving force for development” to run the university. It plans to finish in 20 years time 3 historical tasks, namely, to comprehensive improve the core competitiveness of the university, to improve the overall strength of the university and to promote the modernization of every aspect of the university, and vitalize CUPL by focusing on strengthening law education, and build the university into a multi-disciplinary, research-oriented, open and unique world-renowned high-level university and China’s legal education center, law research center, law books and information center, national legislation and decision-making advisory center as well as international law and culture exchange center.

Founded in 1929, Chongqing University had become a national comprehensive university consisting of six colleges in liberal arts, science, engineering, law science and medical science early in 1940s, thus earned a prestige both domestic and abroad then for its outstanding performance in schooling. A large number of famous scholars such as Li Siguang, Ma Yinchu, He Lu, etc., have dedicated to the establishment of a solid academic foundation as well as a religious schooling tradition of Chongqing University. In 1952, the nationwide restructuring of higher learning institutions turned Chongqing University into an engineering-orientated multi-disciplinary university under the State Ministry of Education. In 1960, Chongqing University was designated as one of the first key national universities. Since the implementation of reform and opening-up policy in China, Chongqing University has stressed the development of disciplines like humanities, business management, art, sports education, which further speeds up the process of developing itself into a comprehensive institution of higher learning. To suit the needs of higher education development in the 21st century, and to further promote the university’s overall strength, in accordance with the State resolution on institutional reform of universities, Chongqing University merged with Chongqing Jianzhu University and Chongqing Architectural College on May 31 2000, forming a new Chongqing University. In maintaining its previous disciplinary advantage in mechanical and electrical engineering, energy, material science, information technology, bioengineering, business administration, the merger upgrades the new Chongqing University’s academic status in China in the fields of architecture, civil engineering and environmental protection. For its further construction and development, and with the greater support of the State Ministry of Education and Chongqing Municipal Government in terms of capital investment, the new Chongqing University has readjusted its education philosophy, formulated its development scheme during the tenth “five-year plan” period. Correspondingly, the university has revised its talent-cultivation scheme and teaching program by laying stress on fostering students’ innovation ability, improving students’ allround quality. Thus, the university has carried out a series of new measures in its teaching reform, including: renowned professors giving lectures for undergraduate students, bilingual teaching project, innovative talent training program, the system for outstanding students to conduct a consecutive study of bachelor’s degree and master’s degree programs, etc. Besides, the university has perfected its credit system by adding and strengthening the major and minor specialty program, the flexible schooling system, the second-degree program, and the outstanding students training program, etc. The university has also reformed its standards and modes of choosing undergraduate students for conducting postgraduate programs without taking the entrance exam.

At present, Chongqing University runs 26 colleges or faculties, plus the Graduate school, the City College of Science and Technology, the College of Continuing Education, the College of Networking Education. The University now has a total enrollment of 52,000 students, of which 16,000 are master’s and doctoral students. The university owns 18 mobile workstations for postdoctoral study, 16 preliminary-level programs and 60 secondary-level programs for doctoral study, 182 programs for master’s degree study as well as 9 specialized master’s degree programs, namely MBA, EMBA,MPA, master of engineering, and 82 bachelor’s degree programs. Currently, the university has a total number of 5,742 faculty and staff members, among which 2,709 are full-time teachers, 10 members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and of the Chinese Academy of Science (including academicians engaged from other institutions), 5 members of the Subject Appraisal Team of the Degree Committee under the State Council, 15 titled the state-level middle-aged or young experts with distinguished contribution, 277 doctoral tutors, 330 experts awarded the governmental allowance, 1,530 full professors and associate professors.

Chongqing University covers a total area of 5,700 mu (about 178 hectares), with 1.68 million square meters of construction space. The university library is well equipped with modern facilities of large scale, with a collection of 3.27 million volumes, 6000 kinds of Chinese and foreign periodicals, and 500,000 volumes of E-books. In addition to electronic reading rooms, the China Education Research Network (CERNET) Chongqing Central Node is set up in the library. Chongqing University is in possession of 12 state level key subjects and key constructed subjects under the state “211 Project”, 80 provincial or ministerial level key subjects. The university sets up 9 specially appointed professor posts under the “Yangtze River Scholar Award Program”. It has established 3 national teaching bases for fundamental courses and a national quality education base for college students, 8 national key labs and ministerial key labs, 42 provincial key labs, and 93 labs of different specialties. Moreover, Chongqing University has constructed the distance education center, multi-media classrooms of large scale and interactive audio-visual classrooms, labs or training centers in cooperation with world famous enterprises such as Siemens, Microsoft, IBM, Rockwell, Omron, etc. The university has a national key publishing house, a national first-class architectural designing institute, and a first-class institute for planning and design. In 2001, Chongqing University Technology Park came into being, being one of the 22 state-level university technology parks in China. Now a unique school-running pattern has been formed in the university which is characterized by offering a wide category of disciplines, rationalizing its disciplinary structure, maintaining its prominent advantage in engineering disciplines, increasingly enriching science disciplines, and further developing such lisciplines as economics, management, and humanities and social sciences. In recent years, the university has undertaken over 100 national key scientific projects of different types, and won 13 National Awards for Invention, 40 Awards for Scientific and Technological Advancement, 4 Awards for Natural Science, 968 ministerial and provincial awards, 283 Awards for Teaching Achievement. Chongqing University attaches importance to international academic exchange and cooperation. It has established inter-school exchange links with 40 institutions of higher education in 20 countries such as the USA, England, France, Germany, Italy, Canada, Australia, Holland, Japan, South Korea, Russia, etc. Since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, Chongqing University has sent nearly 3000 teachers abroad for further study, attending international academic conference, or for academic visit or inspection; and received over 7200 overseas scholars including some world famous scholars like Dr. Z. N. Yang, Dr. Z. D. Li, Dr. C. L. Tien, Dr. L. R. Klein. Besides, the university has forged cooperative relations with about 20 prestigious international corporations or institutions such as Siemens, Rockwell Automation, IBM, Microsoft, Lipo Group, New York Life Insurance, Omron, FUNUC and etc. Chongqing University is a university specified by the Ministry of Education to receive overseas students who are granted the Chinese Government Scholarship. Up to now, overseas students from over 20 countries including South Korea, Tailand, the U.S., Japan, Vietnam, Syria, Ghana, Mali, Iraq, etc. have come to Chongqing University for study. In 2008, there are more than 200 international students enrolled to Chongqing university, doing PhD degrees, or Master’s degrees, or bachelor’s degrees, or just studying Chinese language.

The growth of Chongqing University has received much attention and concern from the state leaders. Jiang Zemin, Li Peng, and Li Lanqing once inspected the university and fully affirmed its achievements. Graduates from Chongqing University are very much welcomed by employers for their high overall quality and strong capability. Every year there are a large number of well noted enterprises or organizations coming to the university for employing its graduates, which makes the university keep a good trend in the employment of its graduate students. Since its founding, Chongqing University has become an important education base as well as a research center, providing the country with more than 10,000 advanced professionals who have become the backbone in the nation’s economic construction. There are over 40 schoolfellows of the university who are now members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering or members of the Chinese Academy of Science. Famous schoolfellows who are engaged in social sciences include Yang Mingzhao (a famous poet), Yan Su (a famous lyricist) and Qian Rongkun ( a famous economist).

Looking on the future, catching the historical opportunity of the West Development and of the joint financial support from the state Ministry of Education and Chongqing Municipal government, Chongqing University is fully committed to implementing the strategy of “prospering the country and Chongqing city with science-and-technology and education”, sticking to its education philosophy of “taking root in Chongqing, finding a foothold in the Southwest, facing the West, Serving the whole nation, stepping towards the world”, carrying forward its excellent schooling tradition, striving for the realization of its goal of developing Chongqing University into a first-class comprehensive research university in China, with unique characteristics and international fame.